Buran-Kaya III Layer 4
Basic information
Sample name: Buran-Kaya III Layer 4
Reference: F. B. Lanoë, S. Péan, and A. Yanevich. 2015. Saiga antelope hunting in Crimea at the Pleistocene-Holocene transition: the site of Buran-Kaya III Layer 4. Journal of Archaeological Science 54:270-278 [ER 3792]
Geography
Country: Ukraine
Coordinate: 45° 0' 11" N, 34° 24' 16" E
Coordinate basis: stated in text
Time interval: Late Pleistocene
Max Ma: 0.01073
Min Ma: 0.01001
Age basis: radiocarbon (uncalibrated)
Geography comments: "along the Burulcha river"
there are five 14C dates on bone ranging from 10,730 +/- 60 to 10,010 +/- 60 yr BP, all calibrated to just older than the terminal Pleistocene
there are five 14C dates on bone ranging from 10,730 +/- 60 to 10,010 +/- 60 yr BP, all calibrated to just older than the terminal Pleistocene
Environment
Lithology: siliciclastic (mixed)
Taphonomic context: human accumulation,rock shelter
Archaeology: bone tools,stone tools
Habitat comments: "a rock shelter"
the lithology is "a sand/silt matrix with limestone fragments of various size"
humans were "the main accumulator of saiga antelope remains" and many bones are burned or cut
"Lithic materials from layer 4 include 67 cores, 11 unretouched flakes, 369 unretouched blades, 433 retouched tools, and 1083 unclassified débitage" and there is "a single point made of antler"
the lithology is "a sand/silt matrix with limestone fragments of various size"
humans were "the main accumulator of saiga antelope remains" and many bones are burned or cut
"Lithic materials from layer 4 include 67 cores, 11 unretouched flakes, 369 unretouched blades, 433 retouched tools, and 1083 unclassified débitage" and there is "a single point made of antler"
Methods
Life forms: carnivores,ungulates,other small mammals
Sampling methods: quarry,screenwash
Sample size: 197 specimens
Years: 1997 - 2010
Sampling comments: "All sediments from these squares were sieved (5 × 5 or 1.5 × 1.5 mm mesh size)"
"The few remains of terrestrial gastropods, small rodents and birds were not studied"
"The few remains of terrestrial gastropods, small rodents and birds were not studied"
Metadata
Sample number: 4123
Contributor: John Alroy
Enterer: John Alroy
Created: 2023-02-24 19:00:24
Modified: 2023-02-24 08:00:24
Abundance distribution
8 species
1 singleton
total count 197
geometric series index: 10.1
Fisher's α: 1.675
geometric series k: 0.5319
Hurlbert's PIE: 0.7227
Shannon's H: 1.5415
Good's u: 0.9949
Each square represents a species. Square sizes are proportional to counts.
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| Saiga tatarica | 83 | 28 kg |
| Cervus elaphus | 9 | 104 kg |
| Sus scrofa | 9 | 54 kg herbivore |
| Equus ferus | 21 | 422 kg |
| Vulpes vulpes | 54 | 5.3 kg carnivore-insectivore |
| Canis lupus | 3 | 43 kg carnivore |
| wolf or dog | ||
| Mustela sp. | 1 | |
| Lepus europaeus | 17 | 3.4 kg herbivore |