Imanay Cave (Pleistocene Layer 1)
Basic information
Sample name: Imanay Cave (Pleistocene Layer 1)
Reference: D. Gimranov and P. Kosintsev. 2020. Quaternary large mammals from the Imanay Cave. Quaternary International 546:125-134 [ER 3799]
Geography
Country: Russia
Coordinate: 53° 2' N, 56° 26' E
Coordinate basis: stated in text
Time interval: Late Pleistocene
Geography comments: "The Imanay Cave is located in a mountainous region in the Southern Urals".
Although there are several radiocarbon dates on cave bear and cave lion remains (all from Layer 1; 46 to 26 ka), the entire faunal complex likely accumulated over the entire Late Pleistocene.
Although there are several radiocarbon dates on cave bear and cave lion remains (all from Layer 1; 46 to 26 ka), the entire faunal complex likely accumulated over the entire Late Pleistocene.
Environment
Lithology: sandstone
Taphonomic context: cave
Archaeology: stone tools
Habitat comments: "The Imanay Cave was formed in grey dolomite limestone of the Kungurian stage of the Lower Permian. In total, four lithological layers were detected during the excavation. Palaeolithic stone tools were found in Layer 1, although there is no convincing evidence that the accumulation of remains was related to human activity. Instead, the bones likley emerged as a result of natural mortality of the animals".
Methods
Life forms: carnivores,rodents,ungulates,other small mammals
Sampling methods: quarry,screenwash
Sample size: 1342 specimens
Sampling comments: "A 6 m2 excavation unit was placed in the inner part of the cave. More than 10,000 animal bone specimens were excavated from the 12 m3 deposits. The deposits were excavated in 10 cm horizons. All sediments were rinsed in water and sieved using 0.5 and 1.0 mm mesh".
Metadata
Sample number: 4145
Contributor: Benjamin Carter
Enterer: Benjamin Carter
Created: 2023-02-28 14:57:02
Modified: 2023-02-28 04:07:43
Abundance distribution
14 species
4 singletons
total count 1342
geometric series index: 26.8
Fisher's α: 2.179
geometric series k: 0.5809
Hurlbert's PIE: 0.2355
Shannon's H: 0.5279
Good's u: 0.9970
Each square represents a species. Square sizes are proportional to counts.
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Register
| Lepus sp. | 3 | |
| Marmota sp. | 12 | |
| Panthera sp. | 135 | |
| "ex gr. fossilis-spelaea" | ||
| Canis lupus | 7 | 43 kg carnivore |
| Vulpes sp. | 2 | |
| Gulo gulo | 8 | 13 kg |
| Mustela sp. | 1 | |
| "ex gr. putorius-eversmanii" | ||
| Ursus sp. | 1165 | |
| extinct "small cave bear" species originally described as Ursus “savini” | ||
| Ursus arctos | 2 | 156 kg frugivore-carnivore |
| Mammuthus primigenius | 1 | |
| Equus ferus | 1 | 422 kg |
| Coelodonta antiquitatis | 2 | |
| Saiga tatarica | 2 | 28 kg |
| Ovis ammon | 1 | 76 kg browser-grazer |